Bovine tuberculosis is serious animal health and economic problem worldwide. Intense efforts have been invested in the search of biomarkers to define the spectrum of disease progression and also as diagnostic-prognostic. Most of the studies addressing this issue have been made after in vitro PBMCs stimulation with M. bovis. Furthermore, some data have been found after M. bovis infected the calves, followed by M. bovis BCG vaccination, with some promising results. But still there are many questions that should be answered from in vivo studies. Thus, in the present work we focused to determine the global in vivo gene expression pathway of M. bovis infected cattle from the north stares of Mexico. From the analysis of data, we found that there are a set of genes modulated up (around 280 genes) and down (around 580 genes) (> 2 SD) that were influenced by the M. bovis infection. From the functional analysis using Reactome database, with those genes most significantly regulated up and down (P < 0.05) (n= 27 genes), we found that the pathways relate to innate immune response, such as IFN αβ; IL-6; [Toll-like] receptors; chemokine receptors, TRAF6 mediated induction of NFKβ and NOTCH signaling; adaptive immunity (B and T cell signaling); IL17 and IL-10. In addition to these findings, we observed that natural transcriptional printing of M. bovis is also in other pathways such as MAP kinases cascade activity (autophagy), metabolism (inositol, lipids, glycogen), cell cycle, signal transduction and apoptosis. By summarizing the result, this is a first analysis of the in vivo transcriptional gene pathway profile of bTB in Mexico. We think that might be possible to further develop a scanning chip for diagnostic based on the mostly printed signatures of M. bovis in cattle. 

Keywords:
M. bovis, gene expression, signalization, immune, biochemical pathways, transcriptional profile, Th1 type, Th17 induced expression.